> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://reactionrepo.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Pinnick Oxidation

> Gentle Oxidation method for Aldehyde to Carboxylic Acid.

<a href="" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">
  <img noZoom className="block dark:hidden -mt-0" src="https://mintcdn.com/reactionrepo-bd9a1c17/wY1qsYNhECm9ojlG/reactions/pinnick-oxidation-images/overviewpinlight.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=wY1qsYNhECm9ojlG&q=85&s=de736c29154bec43b46a9810b746d38f" alt="Hero Light" width="1363" height="744" data-path="reactions/pinnick-oxidation-images/overviewpinlight.png" />

  <img noZoom className="hidden dark:block -mt-0" src="https://mintcdn.com/reactionrepo-bd9a1c17/wY1qsYNhECm9ojlG/reactions/pinnick-oxidation-images/overviewpindark.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=wY1qsYNhECm9ojlG&q=85&s=6f4ea9f982d0aa1e688785e478615fb3" alt="Hero Dark" width="1363" height="744" data-path="reactions/pinnick-oxidation-images/overviewpindark.png" />
</a>

The Pinnick Oxidation is an economical and gentle method to oxidize aldehydes to carboxylic
acids.<sup>**1**</sup>

## Summary

The reaction entry summary. Find the general scheme and full summarized mechanisms here.

### General Mechanism

This section briefly summarizes steps to find the product and perform the mechanisms.

**Quick steps to finding the product**

1. Identify the reagents.
2. Identify the product which needs to be formed.
3. Form the HO-Cl reagent needed to form the Carboxylic Acid.
4. React the Aldehyde with HO-Cl and form the Carboxylic Acid product.
5. Scavenge the HO-Cl by-product.

<Accordion title="Full Aldehyde to Carboxylic Acid">
  <img className="block dark:hidden" src="https://mintcdn.com/reactionrepo-bd9a1c17/wY1qsYNhECm9ojlG/reactions/pinnick-oxidation-images/fulllight.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=wY1qsYNhECm9ojlG&q=85&s=5517c044602e804af1502b4fa993f3d5" alt="Hero Light" title="" width="4875" height="1842" data-path="reactions/pinnick-oxidation-images/fulllight.png" />

  <img className="hidden dark:block" src="https://mintcdn.com/reactionrepo-bd9a1c17/wY1qsYNhECm9ojlG/reactions/pinnick-oxidation-images/fulldark.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=wY1qsYNhECm9ojlG&q=85&s=2b41477ee498b4001b38da66f2067077" alt="Hero Dark" title="" width="4875" height="1841" data-path="reactions/pinnick-oxidation-images/fulldark.png" />
</Accordion>

<Tip>Always remember to repeatedly practice your mechanisms and getting your reagents correct. Take advantage of our materials and/or keep practicing on a whiteboard or paper until you get it right every single time. </Tip>

## References

<div>
  <a href="https://doi.org/10.3891/acta.chem.scand.27-0888" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">
    <img noZoom class="block dark:hidden" src="https://mintcdn.com/reactionrepo-bd9a1c17/wY1qsYNhECm9ojlG/reactions/pinnick-oxidation-images/overviewpinlight.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=wY1qsYNhECm9ojlG&q=85&s=de736c29154bec43b46a9810b746d38f" alt="Lindgren 1973 Light" width="1363" height="744" data-path="reactions/pinnick-oxidation-images/overviewpinlight.png" />

    <img noZoom class="hidden dark:block" src="https://mintcdn.com/reactionrepo-bd9a1c17/wY1qsYNhECm9ojlG/reactions/pinnick-oxidation-images/overviewpindark.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=wY1qsYNhECm9ojlG&q=85&s=6f4ea9f982d0aa1e688785e478615fb3" alt="Lindgren 1973 Dark" width="1363" height="744" data-path="reactions/pinnick-oxidation-images/overviewpindark.png" />
  </a>
</div>

1. Lindgren, B. O.; Nilsson, T.; Husebye, S.; Mikalsen, Ø.; Leander, K.; Swahn, C.-G. Preparation of Carboxylic Acids from Aldehydes (Including Hydroxylated Benzaldehydes) by Oxidation with Chlorite. *Acta Chem. Scand.* **1973**, *27*, 888–890. DOI: [10.3891/acta.chem.scand.27-0888](https://doi.org/10.3891/acta.chem.scand.27-0888)